Bài tập câu tường thuật (Reported Speech): Công thức, ví dụ và vận dụng 8 dạng bài tập câu tường thuật phổ biến

 

Bài tập câu tường thuật là một chủ điểm ngữ pháp thường xuyên xuất hiện trong các bài thi THPT. Đối với dạng bài này, người học dễ dàng mắc lỗi sai nếu không chú ý một số nguyên tắc “bất di bất dịch” trong lúc chuyển đổi từ câu trực tiếp sang câu tường thuật.

Trong bài viết dưới đây, Athena sẽ cùng người học tóm tắt lý thuyết tổng quát đi kèm với ứng dụng bài tập câu tường thuật từ cơ bản đến nâng cao.

Giới thiệu về câu tường thuật (Reported Speech)

Câu tường thuật, hay câu gián tiếp, là một kỹ thuật ngữ pháp quan trọng giúp thuật lại lời nói của người khác một cách chính xác mà không cần dùng đến dấu ngoặc kép, đồng thời giữ nguyên ý nghĩa của bản gốc.  

Ví dụ: 

“I like apple pie and orange juice.” Mike said.

→ Mike said he liked apple pie and orange juice.

Giới thiệu về câu tường thuật (Reported Speech)

Các quy tắc vận dụng trong bài tập câu tường thuật 

Dưới đây là các quy tắc người học cần ghi nhớ khi làm các bài tập về câu tường thuật:

Quy tắc lùi thì trong câu tường thuật

Thì Trong Câu Kể Trực Tiếp	Quy Tắc Lùi Thì Trong Câu Tường Thuật
Hiện tại đơn: S + V1 + O	Quá khứ đơn: S + V2 /Ved+ O
Hiện tại tiếp diễn: S + am/is/are + Ving + O	Quá khứ tiếp diễn: S + was/were + Ving + O
Hiện tại hoàn thành: S + have/has V3/Ved + O	Quá khứ hoàn thành: S + had V3/Ved + O
Quá khứ đơn: S + V2 /Ved+ O	Quá khứ hoàn thành: S + had V3/Ved + O
Quá khứ tiếp diễn: S + was/were + Ving + O	Quá khứ hoàn thành: S + had V3/Ved + O
Quá khứ hoàn thành: S + had V3/Ved + O	Quá khứ hoàn thành: S + had V3/Ved + O
Will/ Can/ May/ Must: S + Will/Can/May/Must Vo + O	Would/ Could/ Might/ Had to: S + Would/ Could/ Might/ Had to Vo + O

Quy tắc lùi thì trong bài tập câu tường thuật 

Thay đổi đại từ nhân xưng, đại từ, tính từ sở hữu, đổi tân ngữ

 

Loại	Câu Kể Trực Tiếp	Câu Tường Thuật Gián Tiếp
Đại từ Nhân Xưng	I, you, we, they	He/She, They, We
Đại từ Tân Ngữ	Me, you, us, them	Him/Her, Them, Us
Đại từ Sở Hữu	My, your, our, their	His/Her, Their, Our
Tính từ Sở Hữu	My, your, our, their	His/Her, Their, Our

 

Thay đổi trạng từ chỉ thời gian, nơi chốn

Loại	Câu Kể Trực Tiếp	Câu Tường Thuật Gián Tiếp
Trạng Từ Chỉ Thời Gian	now, today, tomorrow	then, that day, the next day
Trạng Từ Chỉ Nơi Chốn	here, there	there, in that place

 

Tìm hiểu thêm: Tổng hợp đầy đủ các thì trong tiếng Anh

11 dạng bài tập câu tường thuật cơ bản nhất

Các dạng bài tập câu tường thuật thường gặp: câu kể, câu mệnh lệnh, câu đề nghị, Yes/No questions, WH-questions, câu điều kiện, câu cảm thán và động từ khiếm khuyết.

Bài tập câu tường thuật với câu kể

Câu kể

S + say(s)/ said/ tell/ told + (that) + S + V …

She said to me: “I’m going to the party tonight.” → She told me that she was going to the party the night before.

 

• Bài tập vận dụng

1. "He works in a bank"

She said ____________________

2. "We went out last night"

She told me _________________

3. "I'm coming!"

She said ____________________

4. "I was waiting for the bus when he arrived"

She told me _________________

5. "I'd never been there before"

She said ____________________

6. "I didn't go to the party"

She told me _________________

7. "Lucy'll come later"

She said ____________________

8. "He hasn't eaten breakfast"

She told me _________________

9. "I can help you tomorrow"

She said ____________________

10. "You should go to bed early"

She told me__________________

1. "I don't like chocolate"

She told me _________________

12. "I won't see you tomorrow"

She said ____________________

13. "She's living in Paris for a few months"

She said ____________________

14. "I visited my parents at the weekend"

She told me _________________

15. "She hasn't eaten sushi before"

She said ____________________

16. "I hadn't traveled by underground before I came to London"

She said ____________________

17. "They would help if they could"

She said ____________________

18. "I'll do the washing-up later"

She told me _________________

19. "He could read when he was three"

She said ____________________

20. "I was sleeping when Julie called"

She said ____________________

 

• Đáp án

1. She said he worked in a bank.
2. She told me they had gone out the night before.
3. She said she was coming.
4. She told me she had been waiting for the bus when he arrived.
5. She said she had never been there before.
6. She told me she hadn't gone to the party.
7. She said Lucy would come later.
8. She told me he hadn't eaten breakfast.
9. She said she could help me tomorrow.
10. She told me I should go to bed early.
11. She told me she didn't like chocolate.
12. She said she wouldn't see me tomorrow.
13. She said she was living in Paris for a few months.
14. She told me she had visited her parents at the weekend.
15. She said she hadn't eaten sushi before.
16. She said she hadn't traveled by underground before she came to London.
17. She said they would help if they could.
18. She told me she would do the washing-up later.
19. She said he could read when he was three.
20. She said she was sleeping when Julie called.

 

Bài tập câu tường thuật với mệnh lệnh

Câu mệnh lệnh/ yêu cầu

S + asked/ told/ demanded,… (+O) + (not) to V …

“Don’t smoke here.” my father told Pete. → My father told Pete not to smoke there.

 

1. The teacher said, "You can't leave the room!"

The teacher ordered us ______________________

2. Mom told me, "Don't spend too much money on clothes".

Mom warned me _

3. I said to her, "Speak more slowly!"

I told her _______________

4. The doctor said, "You mustn't eat any sweets."

The doctor forbade me ____

5. Don said, "I won't tell anyone."

Don promised ________________ .

6. Anna said, "I won't help you."

Anna refused _________

7. Jake said, "You should see a doctor."

Jake advised me ______

8. I said to the teacher, "Please don't give us any homework."

I begged the teacher _

9. I told him, "I will punish you if you don't behave!"

I threatened __________

10. He said, "It was you who broke the vase!"

He accused me _______

11. He told me, "Buy some food on your way back."

He reminded me _____

12. She said, "I'm sorry I lost the book you gave me."

She apologized _______

13. The guide said, "Stay away from the edge of the cliff!"

The guide told us _____

14. I said, "Let me carry your groceries."

I offered ______________

15. My mother said, "Get out of bed at once"!

My mother ordered me ____________________

16. Dad said, "Let's go to the park"!

Dad suggested _______

 

Đáp án

1. The teacher said, "You can't leave the room!"

The teacher ordered us not to leave the room.

2. Mom told me, "Don't spend too much money on clothes".

Mom warned me not to spend too much money on clothes.

3. I said to her, "Speak more slowly!"

I told her to speak more slowly.

4. The doctor said, "You mustn't eat any sweets."

The doctor forbade me to eat any sweets.

5. Don said, "I won't tell anyone."

Don promised not to tell anyone.

6. Anna said, "I won't help you."

Anna refused to help me.

7. Jake said, "You should see a doctor."

Jake advised me to see a doctor.

8. I said to the teacher, "Please don't give us any homework."

I begged the teacher not to give them any homework.

9. I told him, "I will punish you if you don't behave!"

I threatened to punish him if he did not behave.

10. He said, "It was you who broke the vase!"

He accused me of breaking the vase.

11. He told me, "Buy some food on your way back."

He reminded me to buy some food on my way back.

12. She said, "I'm sorry I lost the book you gave me."

She apologised for losing the book I gave her.

13. The guide said, "Stay away from the edge of the cliff!"

The guide told us to stay away from the edge of the cliff.

14. I said, "Let me carry your groceries."

I offered to carry her groceries.

15. My mother said, "Get out of bed at once"!

My mothered ordered me to get out of bed.

16. Dad said, "Let's go to the park"!

Dad suggested going to the par

Bài tập câu tường thuật với Yes/No questions

Công thức:

Câu hỏi Yes/No

S + asked/ wanted to know/ wondered + if/whether + S + V …

“Are you hungry?” my friend asked me. → My friend asked me whether I was hungry or not.

 

Bài tập vận dụng:

1. "Is John at home?"

She asked me if ________________________

2. "Am I late?"

She asked me if _____________________

3. "Is it cold outside?"

She asked me if _____________________

4. "Are they in Paris?"

She asked me if _____________________

5. "Is the bus stop near the shopping centre?"

She asked me if _____________________

6. "Is the milk fresh?"

She asked me if _____________________

7. "Are you a doctor?"

She asked me if _____________________

8. "Are James and Lucy from France?"

She asked me if _____________________

9. "Is my brother in the garden?"

She asked me if _____________________

10. "Is the weather good in Shanghai in the summer?"

She asked me if _____________________

11. "Does Julie drink tea?"

She asked me if _____________________

12. "Do you like chocolate?"

She asked me if _____________________

13. "Do they own a flat?"

She asked me if _____________________

14. "Does David go to the cinema often?"

She asked me if _____________________

15. "Do the children study Chinese?"

She asked me if _____________________

16. "Do they go on holiday every summer?"

She asked me if _____________________

17. "Does your sister live in Stockholm?"

She asked me if _____________________

18. "Do I talk too much?"

She asked me if _____________________

19. "Does Jennifer want a new job?"

She asked me if _____________________

20. "Does it rain a lot in London?"

She asked me if _____________________

 

đáp áns

1. She asked me if John was at home.
2. She asked me if she was late.
3. She asked me if it was cold outside.
4. She asked me if they were in Paris.
5. She asked me if the bus stop was near the shopping centre.
6. She asked me if the milk was fresh.
7. She asked me if I was a doctor.
8. She asked me if James and Lucy were from France.
9. She asked me if her brother was in the garden.
10. She asked me if the weather was good in Shanghai in the summer.
11. She asked me if Julie drank tea.
12. She asked me if you liked chocolate.
13. She asked me if they owned a flat.
14. She asked me if David went to the cinema often.
15. She asked me if the children studied Chinese.
16. She asked me if they went on holiday every summer.
17. She asked me if my sister lived in Stockholm.
18. She asked me if she talked too much.
19. She asked me if Jennifer wanted a new job.
20. She asked me if it rained a lot in London.

Bài tập câu tường thuật với Wh-questions

Công thức:

Câu hỏi có từ để hỏi Wh-

S + asked/ wanted to know/ wondered + Wh + S + V …

“What is Jenny doing in her room?” Tom asked → Tom wanted to know what Jenny was doing in her room.

Bài tập vận dụng:

1. "Where is the post office?"

She asked me ______________________

2. "Why is Julie sad?"

She asked me ______________________

3. "What's for dinner?"

She asked me ______________________

4. "Who is the woman in the red dress?"

She asked me ______________________

5. "How is your grandmother?"

She asked me ___

6. "When is the party?"

She asked me ______________________

7. "How much is the rent on your flat?"

She asked me ______________________

8. "Where are the glasses?"

She asked me ______________________

9. "How is the weather in Chicago?"

She asked me ______________________

10. "Who is the Prime Minister of Canada?"

She asked me ______________________

11. "Where do you usually go swimming?"

She asked me ______________________

12. "What does Luke do at the weekend?"

She asked me ______________________

13. "Where do your parents live?"

She asked me ______________________

14. "Who do you go running with?"

She asked me ______________________

15. "When does Lucy get up?"

She asked me ______________________

16. "How much TV do you watch?"

She asked me ______________________

17. "How many books do they own?"

She asked me ______________________

18. "Where does John work?"

She asked me ______________________

19. "What do the children study on Fridays?"

She asked me ______________________

20. "Why do you study English?"

She asked me ______________________

 

Đáp án

1. She asked me where the post office was.
2. She asked me why Julie was sad.
3. She asked me what was for dinner.
4. She asked me who the woman in the red dress was.
5. She asked me how my grandmother was.
6. She asked me when the party was.
7. She asked me how much the rent on your flat was.
8. She asked me where the glasses were.
9. She asked me how the weather in Chicago was.
10. She asked me who the Prime Minister of Canada was.
11. She asked me where I usually went swimming.
12. She asked me what Luke did at the weekend.
13. She asked me where my parents lived.
14. She asked me who I went running with.
15. She asked me when Lucy got up.
16. She asked me how much TV I watched.
17. She asked me how many books they owned.
18. She asked me where John worked.
19. She asked me what the children studied on Fridays.
20. She asked me why I studied English

 

Bài tập câu tường thuật với Yes/No và WH- questions

Bài tập câu tường thuật với lời đề nghị

Câu đề nghị

S + suggested (+ O) + (not) V-ing​ …

“Why don’t you send her an email?” said Tom. → Tin suggested me sending her an email.

1. He said to me; “Let’s go home”

He suggested____

2. Shall we meet outside the cinema after eight” 

He said (suggest)_______________________

3. “Would you like me to repair the car for you?’ 

He said (offer)_______________________

4.“Will you have a drink?” 

He said (invite)_______________________

5.‘Do come and enjoy tea with my family” 

She said (invite)_______________________

6. “Why don’t we come to visit our teacher today?” 

He said (suggest)_______________________

7. Let’s eat out tonight” she said.

She suggested that_______________________

8.“Let him prepare all the lesson.” She said 

She suggested that _______________________

9. “Let’s go camping next weekend” he said 

He suggested _______________________

10. “Let them do their exercises this morning” she said 

She suggested_______________________

11. “Why don’t you put your luggage under the seat?”, he asked.→

He suggest_______________________

12. Shall we go for a swim now?” 

He suggested_______________________

13. “What about playing football?” 

They suggested _______________________

14. “ Why don’t we go for a walk”?

She suggested_______________________

 

Đáp án

1. He suggested going home.
2. He suggested meeting outside the cinema after eight.
3. He offered to repair the car for me.
4. He invited me to have a drink.
5. She invited me to come and enjoy tea with her family.
6. He suggested coming to visit our teacher today.
7. She suggested eating out tonight.
8. She suggested letting him prepare all the lessons.
9. He suggested going camping next weekend.
10. She suggested letting them do their exercises this morning.
11. He suggested putting the luggage under the seat.
12. He suggested going for a swim now.
13. They suggested playing football.
14. She suggested going for a walk.

Bài tập câu tường thuật với câu if (câu điều kiện)

1. If I had any money I'd buy you a drink," she said to me.
2. ”If I catch the plane I’ll be home by five,” he said
3. ”You should stay in bed if you feel unwell”. My mother said
4. ”What would you do if you were having a problem with grammar,Jane?’ Anne asked
5. ”If I’d had my mobile yesterday, I could have contacted you,” Matthew said.
6. ”If I were you,I’d stop smoking,’’she said to her brother
7. ”If the baby is a girl what will they call her?”he wondered
8. ”If I don’t practise my English I won’t get any better,’’ she said
9. ” I’d have been in bad trouble if Jane hadn’t helped me,” he said
10. ” If the door is locked what shall I do?” She asked
11. “If I won the lottery, I’d buy a car,” he said to me.
12. “If I travel by bus, I will be home by 4 o’clock,” she said.
13. “You should take a rest if you feel tired,” my mother said to me.
14. “What would you do if you made a mistake?” David asked me.
15. “If I had known you were sick yesterday, I would have visited you.” Hannah said.
16. He wondered: “If the baby is a boy, what will we call him?”
17. “If I don’t study hard, I won’t get a high score,” she said.
18. “If you don’t apologize, I will not talk to you forever.” My sister said.
19. “If you were stolen, what would you do?” They asked me.
20. “If I were you, I’d buy these shoes.” She said to him.

Đáp án

1. She told me if she had had some money, she would have bought me a drink..
2. He said if he caught the plane he would be home by five.
3. My mother said that if I felt unwell, I should stay in bed.
4. Anne asked Jane what she would have done If she had been having a problem with grammar.
5. Matthew said if he had had his mobile the day before, he could have contacted me
6. She advised her brother to stop smoking.
7. He wondered what  they would call the baby if it was a girl.
8. She said if she didn't practise her English she wouldn't get any better.
9. He said he would have been in bad trouble if Jane hadn't helped him
10. She asked what she should do if the door was locked.
11. He said to me that if he won the lottery, he’d buy a car.
12. She said that if she traveled by bus, she would be home by 4 o’clock.
13. My mother said to me that I should take a rest if I felt tired.
14. David asked me what I would do if I made a mistake.
15. Hannah said that if she had known I was sick that day before, she would have visited me.
16. He wondered what we would call the baby if he was a boy.
17. She said that if she didn’t study hard, she wouldn’t get a high score.
18. My sister said that if I didn’t apologize, she wouldn’t talk to me forever.
19. They asked me what I would do if I were stolen.
20. She said to him if she were him, she would buy those shoes.

Tìm hiểu thêm: Bài Tập Câu Điều Kiện Loại 1,2,3 Kèm Lời Giải Chi Tiết

Bài tập câu tường thuật với câu cảm thán

Câu cảm thán

S + exclaimed/ said + that + S + V …

“What a beautiful scene!” said Ellie. → Ellie exclaimed that the scene was beautiful.

1. "What a beautiful day!" she exclaimed.
2. "How fast that car is!" he said.
3. "I can't believe I won!" Alex shouted.
4. "What a lovely surprise this is!" she said.
5. "We finally did it!" they shouted.
6. "I've never seen such a magnificent view!" he exclaimed.
7. "How clever of you to solve that problem!" she said.
8. "What a great performance!" the audience exclaimed.
9. "I hate this weather!" he shouted.
10. "What an amazing gift!" she exclaimed.
11. "How exciting this game is!" he said.
12. "I'm so happy to see you!" she exclaimed.
13. "What a difficult quiz that was!" he said.
14. "We've lost everything!" they cried.
15. "I love this song!" she shouted.
16. "What an interesting book!" he exclaimed.
17. "How wonderful to meet you!" she said.
18. "I can't stand this noise!" he exclaimed.
19. "What a fantastic idea!" she said.
20. "We're going on a trip!" they shouted.

Đáp án

1. She exclaimed that it was a beautiful day.
2. He said that the car was very fast.
3. Alex shouted that he couldn't believe he had won.
4. She said it was a lovely surprise.
5. They shouted that they had finally done it.
6. He exclaimed that he had never seen such a magnificent view.
7. She said it was very clever of him to solve the problem.
8. The audience exclaimed that it was a great performance.
9. He shouted that he hated the weather.
10. She exclaimed that it was an amazing gift.
11. He said the game was very exciting.
12. She exclaimed that she was so happy to see the person.
13. He said that the quiz had been very difficult.
14. They cried that they had lost everything.
15. She shouted that she loved the song.
16. He exclaimed that it was an interesting book.
17. She said it was wonderful to meet the person.
18. He exclaimed that he couldn't stand the noise.
19. She said that it was a fantastic idea.
20. They shouted that they were going on a trip.

Bài tập câu tường thuật với modal verb (động từ khiếm khuyết)

1. "I can help you with your homework," said Tom.
2. "She might arrive late," he warned.
3. "We should study for the exam," suggested Sarah.
4. "You must finish your project by Friday," the teacher instructed.
5. "They could win the match if they play well," remarked John.
6. "You may leave early today," the boss said.
7. "I will have to cancel our meeting," she explained.
8. "We ought to apologize for the mistake," suggested Anna.
9. "I might consider your proposal," he mentioned.
10. "We can't attend the party tonight," they informed.

 

Đáp án

1. Tom offered to help with the homework.
2. He warned that she might arrive late.
3. Sarah suggested that we should study for the exam.
4. The teacher instructed that you must finish your project by Friday.
5. John remarked that they could win the match if they played well.
6. The boss said that you may leave early today.
7. She explained that she would have to cancel their meeting.
8. Anna suggested that we ought to apologize for the mistake.
9. He mentioned that he might consider the proposal.
10. They informed that they couldn't attend the party tonight.

Tổng kết

Được đánh giá là chủ điểm ngữ pháp nâng cao trong chương trình học Tiếng Anh, các dạng bài tập câu tường thuật luôn trở thành thách thức nếu người học không ghi nhớ những nguyên tắc căn bản khi làm bài. Thông qua 8 dạng bài tập câu tường thuật phổ biến, Athena mong muốn mang đến cho người học thêm nhiều cơ hội để làm quen và thông dụng với chủ điểm ngữ pháp trên, đồng thời mở rộng kiến thức đối với một số dạng bài tập vận dụng cao.

Để giúp người học ôn luyện hiệu quả, người học có thể tham khảo khóa học IELTS toàn diện từ mất gốc cam kết đầu ra 7.0+ của Athena giúp bạn nâng điểm Speaking nhanh chóng: 

• Lộ trình học “tối giản”, “tối ưu” giúp bạn nắm vững kiến thức cơ bản, và nắm chắc tấm bằng IELTS 7.0+trong tầm tay.
• Được giảng dạy trực tiếp bởi ThS. Đỗ Vân Anh (8.5 IELTS với 10 năm kinh nghiệm giảng dạy TOEIC/IELTS)  
• Được chữa Speaking 1-1 trực tiếp hàng tuần cùng Cô Vân Anh - “Đặc quyền” chỉ có tại khóa học của Athena. 
• Học phí “nhẹ ví” với các bạn sinh viên: Khóa IELTS từ mất gốc đến 7.0+ tại Athena là lựa chọn phù hợp với các bạn sinh viên mong muốn sở hữu tấm bằng IELTS với chi phí thấp nhưng chất lượng cao. Ngoài ra, Athena còn trao học bổng định kỳ với các bạn đạt điểm IELTS như mong ước.

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